surface roughness of linear chain carboxylic acid anhydride modified wood

Surface Roughness of Thin Wood Veneers Sliced from Laminated Green Wood Lumber

Freshly-felled Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolate), Masson Pine (Pinus massoniana) and Camphor Tree (Cinnamomum camphora) logs were reconstituted to form laminated lumber with moisture content above fiber saturation point by slicing, finger-jointing, gluing, and cold-pressing processes. The laminated lumber was then sliced into wood veneers, which were air-dried to about 15% moisture content....

Surface Roughness of Thin Wood Veneers Sliced from 2 Laminated Green Wood Lumber

Immobilization of marine toxins on carboxylic acid modified surfaces

Saxitoxin and gonyautoxin 2 and 3 are among the most toxic components of the Paralytic Shellfish Poison from red tides. Being small molecules, they often require to be immobilized in order to be handled experimentally. Here is presented a methodology for covalently binding the toxins to carboxilatemodified surfaces. Both toxins were successfully bound to magnetic beads and saxitoxin was additio...

Activation of the Carboxylic Acids by Anhydride Formation with N-Acyl-N-Alkyl Carbamic Acid

The mixed anhydrides with N-acyl carbamic acid (IV) were prepared by the reaction of carboxylic acids (Ill) with N-chlorocarbonyl lactams (Ila) or sec. amides (lib). Decarboxylation of IV yielded N-acyl lactams (VI), while symmetrical anhydrides (VII) were obtained by the side reaction of IV with carboxylic acids (III). Aminolysis of IV yielded carboxylic acid amides (IX) in high yield and puri...

Effect of hydrofluoric acid concentration and etching time on the surface roughness of CAD/CAM ceramics

Introduction: Dental ceramics are considered as materials that can restore the appearance of natural teeth. Etching the inner surface of a ceramic restoration with hydrofluoric acid (HF) followed by using a silane coupling agent is a well-known and recommended method to increase the bond strength. The aim of etching on ceramic structure is to enhance the surface roughness (Ra) and energy and to...

Improvement of Durability of Wood by Maleic Anhydride

Wood as a natural renewable material is vulnerable to degradation by microorganisms and susceptible to change in dimension by water. In order to effectively improve the durability of wood, an active reagent, maleic anhydride (Man) was selected for wood modification. Man was first dissolved into a solvent, and then penetrated into wood porous structure under a vacuum/pressure condition. After a ...